Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote In Vitro Wound Healing by Modulating the Biological Properties of Skin Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts and Stimulating Angiogenesis

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are major players in regenerative therapies for wound healing via their paracrine activity, mediated partially by exosomes. Our purpose was to test if MSC-derived exosomes could accelerate enhancing the biological properties of main cell types involved key phases this process. Thus, effects on (i) macrophage activation, (ii) angiogenesis, (iii) keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts proliferation migration, (iv) capacity myofibroblasts regulate turnover extracellular matrix were evaluated. The results showed that, although did not exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, they stimulated angiogenesis. Exposure (myo)fibroblasts enhanced migratory capacity. Additionally, prevented upregulation gene expression type I III collagen, α-smooth muscle actin, MMP2 14, increased MMP13 during fibroblast–myofibroblast transition. validated using a skin organotypic model, which exhibited full re-epithelialization upon exposure. In summary, these data indicate that enhance keratinocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, thus providing reliable therapeutic tool regeneration.